Theories, Models, and Frameworks

A range of theories, models, and frameworks (TMF) are available for understanding and contextualizing implementation and dissemination. Theories seek to provide a causal explanation of how and why relationships between different constructs exist. Models are often narrow in scope and more descriptive than explanatory. Frameworks are also descriptive in nature and usually provide an overview of related constructs that make up a phenomenon such as implementation.

The following is a curated list of videos, publications, and resources that are foundational to implementation science:

Videos

A brief exploration of the RE-AIM framework
Ko Un “Clara” Park, MD

You are designing an implementation science study and want to ensure you measure evaluation outcomes. RE-AIM is one way to do this!

References
  • Desai A, Reinis K, O’Neal L, et al. Implementation of Site-Specific Hepatitis C virus treatment workflows for Vulnerable, High-Risk populations: a Prospective Single-Arm Trial. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health. 2025;16. doi:10.1177/21501319251330622
  • Kaltenbrunner M, Bengtsson L, Mathiassen SE, Engström M. A questionnaire measuring staff perceptions of Lean adoption in healthcare: development and psychometric testing. BMC Health Services Research. 2017;17(1). doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2163-x
  • Krist AH, Glasgow RE, Heurtin-Roberts S, et al. The impact of behavioral and mental health risk assessments on goal setting in primary care. Translational Behavioral Medicine. 2016;6(2):212-219. doi:10.1007/s13142-015-0384-2
  • Krist AH, Glenn BA, Glasgow RE, et al. Designing a valid randomized pragmatic primary care implementation trial: the my own health report (MOHR) project. Implementation Science. 2013;8(1). doi:10.1186/1748-5908-8-73